:03:01
. . .per person, per day.
Not enough to survive.
:03:04
Adam Czerniakow
is in an impossible situation.
:03:08
As head of the Judenrat. . .
:03:10
...a council established by the Nazis
to run the ghetto...
:03:13
...he is responsible for
both Jewish needs and Nazi decrees.
:03:18
Fearing greater harm
to his community...
:03:21
...he actively opposes
any acts of armed resistance.
:03:26
Czerniakow's view
was that resistance. . .
:03:30
. . .was a path to disaster.
:03:33
He had no doubt the Germans were
murderous and he thought. . .
:03:38
. . .it might provoke
more vindictive action.
:03:41
They had a doctrine
of collective responsibility.
:03:45
They'd find the 1 00 closest Jews
and execute or imprison them.
:03:49
For any one act, many would pay.
:03:54
They were anything but passive.
They were as active as they could be.
:04:01
Korczak was a Polish-Jewish
pediatrician.
:04:04
He was very famous,
especially as a children's writer.
:04:10
He wrote King Matt the First.
:04:12
It was as famous in Poland
as Alice in Wonderland is.
:04:16
It's about a child who becomes king,
and his decisions.
:04:22
He saw poor children
on the streets of Warsaw. . .
:04:26
. . .and was determined to help them.
:04:29
He set up progressive orphanages
in Warsaw.
:04:32
This orphanage of Jewish children
was ordered to go into the ghetto.
:04:37
And everybody expected that Korczak,
who was Jewish. . .
:04:42
. . .but was so renowned and such
a treasure to the Polish nation. . .
:04:46
. . .and regarded even by the Germans. . .
:04:49
. . .that he wouldn't have to go.
They'd find a way to get him off.
:04:53
But he was determined to go.
:04:56
The children ran the orphanage.
:04:58
Had their own newspapers
and parliaments. . .